Practice 3.5 Lewis Dot Structures

What is VSEPR theory?

• A model used to predict the geometry of individual molecules based on the repulsion between electron pairs.

• A theory that explains the behavior of gases under different temperatures and pressures.

• A method for calculating the molecular weight of compounds.

• A principle that describes the bonding of metals in solid-state physics.

How do you calculate formal charge?

• Formal charge = (Valence electrons) - (Non-bonding electrons) - 0.5*(Bonding electrons)

• Formal charge = (Valence electrons) + (Non-bonding electrons) + 0.5*(Bonding electrons)

• Formal charge = (Non-bonding electrons) - (Valence electrons) + 0.5*(Bonding electrons)

• Formal charge = (Bonding electrons) - (Valence electrons) - (Non-bonding electrons)

How do you determine the number of valence electrons in an element?

• By counting the total number of electrons in the atom.

• By the group number of the element in the periodic table.

• By the atomic mass of the element.

• By the number of neutrons in the nucleus.

What is a resonance structure?

• A structure that represents the most stable form of a molecule.

• A resonance structure is one of two or more valid Lewis structures for a molecule that cannot be represented accurately by a single structure.

• A temporary arrangement of atoms in a molecule during a reaction.

• A structure that only exists in a theoretical model and has no real-world application.

What are valence electrons?

• Electrons that are found in the nucleus of an atom.

• Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in forming bonds.

• Electrons that are responsible for the mass of an atom.

• Electrons that are always paired with another electron.

What does the octet rule state?

• Atoms tend to bond in such a way that they have eight electrons in their valence shell, achieving a stable electron configuration.

• Atoms can have any number of electrons in their valence shell without affecting stability.

• The octet rule applies only to noble gases and not to other elements.

• Atoms prefer to have four electrons in their valence shell for stability.

What is the role of electronegativity in bond formation?

• It determines the color of the bond.

• It is the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a bond; it influences whether a bond is ionic or covalent.

• It affects the temperature at which a bond forms.

• It indicates the size of the atom involved in the bond.

What is a lone pair in a Lewis Dot Structure?

• A pair of electrons shared between two atoms.

• A pair of non-bonding electrons that are not shared with another atom.

• A single electron that is free to bond with other atoms.

• A pair of electrons that are involved in a double bond.

What is the significance of double bonds in Lewis Dot Structures?

• Double bonds indicate that two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms, which can affect the molecule's shape and reactivity.

• Double bonds are irrelevant in determining molecular polarity.

• Double bonds only exist in organic compounds and have no significance in inorganic chemistry.

• Double bonds represent a single pair of electrons shared between two atoms.

What is the molecular geometry of a molecule?

• The two-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule.

• The three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule, predicted using VSEPR theory.

• The chemical composition of a molecule.

• The bond length between atoms in a molecule.