WH Semester Exam Review

Which accomplishment best shows Justinian’s effort to organize and update Roman law into a coherent system?

• Creating Justinian’s Code from jus vetus and jus novum

• Launching campaigns to regain western provinces

• Strengthening alliances with neighboring kingdoms

• Commissioning Hagia Sophia as imperial cathedral

Match each term or project associated with Justinian to its correct description.

• Military campaigns to reclaim territories

• Hagia Sophia

• Compilation of old and new Roman law

• Byzantine Empire expansion

• Grand cathedral rebuilt in Constantinople

• Justinian’s Code

Match each viewpoint with its core argument regarding icons.

• Political authority mediates policy during religious disputes

• Byzantine emperors

• Objects of veneration risk idolatry and violate prohibitions

• Defenders of icons

• Images are symbolic and affirm dignity of created matter

• Iconoclasts

Which statement best explains how the Janissaries supported the rise of the Ottoman Empire in the 15th and 16th centuries?

• They were seasonal levies disbanded after each battle

• They served only as palace guards with ceremonial roles

• They operated as independent warlords across provinces

• They relied mainly on mercenaries hired for campaigns

• They formed an elite standing corps with strong discipline

Which development best explains how the position of Mayor of the Palace gained power among the Franks?

• Roman governors directly controlled Frankish territories

• Weak kings relied on nobles for household management

• Strong kings centralized authority and delegated tasks

• Merchants funded royal armies and councils

Why was the Battle of Tours significant for the development of medieval Europe?

• It ended Viking raids across northern Europe

• It allowed Frankish forces to stop Muslim expansion

• It unified the Holy Roman Empire under Charlemagne

• It forced the Byzantines to abandon Italy

Which outcome best explains how the Hundred Years’ War fostered national identity in both England and France?

• The papacy asserted stronger control over monarchs

• Subjects viewed the king as a national leader

• Feudal lords gained decisive local autonomy

• Merchants dominated royal councils and policy

Identify the historical setting and authorship: Which option best describes when and by whom The Tale of Genji was written?

• Muromachi Period by Lady Sarashina

• Nara Period by Motoori Norinaga

• Kamakura Period by Sei Shonagon

• Heian Period by Murasaki Shikibu

Which statement best explains how social classes functioned within Japan’s shogunate-era feudal system?

• Warrior class governed without serving superiors

• Peasants commanded warriors in local councils

• All classes shared equal rights and authority

• Each class owed allegiance upward for protection

Which statement best explains why The Canon of Medicine had long-lasting influence in Western Europe?

• It unified medical knowledge into a systematic reference

• It focused only on poetry and religious theology

• It described astronomy without discussing human anatomy

• It rejected hygiene as irrelevant to medical practice