DC Biology Exam 2

Energy is defined as

• movement

• heat

• change

• the capacity to do work

The Law of Thermodynamics that states that increases in entropy are favored is the

• Fourth Law of Thermodynamics

• Second Law of Thermodynamics

• Fifth Law of Thermodynamics

• First Law of Thermodynamics

The Law of Thermodynamics that states energy cannot be created or destroyed is

• Fourth Law of Thermodynamics

• First Law of Thermodynamics

• Third Law of Thermodynamics

• Second Law of Thermodynamics

When an atom or molecule gains one or more electrons, it is said to be

• polarized

• reduced

• oxidized

• energized

The energy needed to destabilize existing chemical bonds and start a chemical reaction is called

• potential energy

• activation energy

• free energy

• kinetic energy

The synthesis of sugar molecules through the process of photosynthesis requires energy absorption from sunlight. Bearing this in mind, what kind of reaction is photosynthesis?

• Catabolic

• Endothermic

• Endergonic

• Exergonic

A particular chemical reaction is exergonic. What can you say about the relationship between the reactants and the products in this exergonic reaction?

• The reactants cannot spontaneously react to generate the products.

• The reactants are likely more disordered and the products are likely more ordered.

• The reactants have more energy than the products.

• The reactants have lower enthalpy than the products.

• The initial free energy of the reactants is much less than the final free energy of the products.

• This reaction does not obey the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

• A certain amount of activation energy is required for the reaction to proceed.

• This reaction does not proceed spontaneously.

When the substrate is bound to the enzyme, the shape of the enzyme may change slightly, leading to

• more permanent binding through intimate total contact

• a greater range of possible catalytic activities

• more possible products of the reaction

• an induced fit

A drug binds to the active site of an enzyme. If it is bound to the active site of the enzyme, it prevents substrate binding. This drug would be considered a

• allosteric activator

• competitive inhibitor

• allosteric inhibitor

• noncompetitive inhibitor