Antibiotic Resistance

What is antibiotic resistance?

• When bacteria evolve to survive antibiotics

• When antibiotics are not stored properly

• When antibiotics stop working due to age

• When humans become immune to antibiotics

How do antibiotics work?

• By attacking viruses

• By preventing DNA mutations in humans

• By strengthening the immune system

• By killing or stopping the growth of bacteria

What causes bacteria to develop antibiotic resistance?

• Exposure to sunlight

• Overuse of vaccines

• Lack of oxygen

• Natural changes in their DNA

How many people die annually from bacterial infections that cannot be treated with antibiotics?

• 700,000

• 1 million

• 500,000

• 10 million

What is the predicted annual death toll from antibiotic-resistant infections by 2050?

• 10 million

• 15 million

• 1 million

• 5 million

What happens when bacteria with a beneficial mutation reproduce?

• They stop reproducing

• They die off quickly

• They become weaker

• They pass the mutation to their offspring

What are efflux pumps in bacteria?

• Cells that produce antibiotics

• Enzymes that break down food

• Proteins that kill other bacteria

• Structures that expel harmful chemicals

How do some bacteria modify antibiotics to resist them?

• By stopping reproduction

• By producing more DNA

• By changing the shape of the antibiotic

• By hiding from the antibiotic

What is vertical gene transfer in bacteria?

• Receiving genes from viruses

• Sharing genes with neighboring bacteria

• Mutating genes randomly

• Passing genes from parent to offspring

How quickly can some bacteria reproduce?

• Every 20 minutes

• Every 24 hours

• Every 5 minutes

• Every 2 hours