Weather and Climate

Which of the following best describes the difference between weather and climate?

• Weather refers to long-term atmospheric conditions, while climate refers to short-term changes.

• Weather refers to short-term atmospheric conditions, while climate refers to long-term patterns.

• Weather and climate are interchangeable terms.

• Weather is only about temperature, while climate includes all atmospheric conditions.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which of the following instruments is used to measure atmospheric pressure, a key component in weather prediction?

• Thermometer

• Barometer

• Anemometer

• Hygrometer

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

What is the primary reason for the occurrence of different climate zones on Earth?

• The distance of Earth from the Sun

• The tilt of Earth's axis

• The rotation speed of Earth

• The shape of Earth's orbit

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which of the following processes is responsible for the transfer of heat from the equator to the poles?

• Conduction

• Radiation

• Convection

• Evaporation

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which of the following is a characteristic of a maritime climate?

• Large temperature variations between seasons

• High humidity and mild temperatures

• Low precipitation and high temperatures

• Dry winters and wet summers

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

What is the main cause of the greenhouse effect?

• The reflection of sunlight by clouds

• The absorption and re-emission of infrared radiation by gases

• The scattering of sunlight by atmospheric particles

• The direct heating of Earth's surface by the Sun

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which of the following best explains why coastal areas tend to have milder climates than inland areas?

• The presence of mountains

• The influence of ocean currents

• The higher altitude of coastal areas

• The increased solar radiation at the coast

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which of the following is a direct consequence of the Coriolis effect?

• The change in seasons

• The deflection of wind patterns

• The occurrence of eclipses

• The variation in day length

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which of the following factors is most responsible for the formation of deserts?

• High altitude

• Proximity to the equator

• Rain shadow effect

• High humidity

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which of the following statements is true about the El Niño phenomenon?

• It causes cooling of the ocean surface in the Pacific.

• It leads to increased rainfall in the western Pacific.

• It is characterized by warmer ocean temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific.

• It occurs every year at the same time.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept