Plants

The internal transport of water and minerals in plants requires that two systems work together. Which correctly describes how the two systems accomplish this task?

• absorption through the root system, then transport through the shoot system by vascular tissue and stomata in leaf tissue

• exchange of minerals for water in the root system, then transport of minerals through phloem to leaves in the stem system

• transpiration by the guard-cell and leaf systems, then sweating into the soil by the root system

• absorption of water by the leaf system, then transport through the meristematic system

Structures represented in the illustration below are found in the lower epidermis of a plant leaf. The illustration at right shows the response to a certain environmental condition. The response represented in the illustration would most likely be caused by --

• a reduced supply of oxygen

• long periods of rainfall

• high concentrations of glucose

• little available water

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Several structures work together to allow flowering plants to reproduce. The diagram shows a typical flower. Which table correctly identifies the function of each structure or group of structures in the reproduction of a plant?

• X-pollen production, Y-pollen transfer, Z-production of eggs

• X-attraction of pollinators, Y-production of male sex cells, Z-egg production and embryo development

• X-protection for embryo, Y-supply nourishment to embryo, Z-place of embryonic development

• X-photosynthesis, Y-production of cells that protect internal organs, Z-production of egg and sperm

Cytokinins are a class of plant hormones that help regulate growth by promoting cell division. Cytokinins are produced mainly in meristematic tissue, where most plant growth occurs. Which system carries cytokinins produced in the roots to the rest of the plant?

• vascular system

• dermal system

• reproductive system

• none of these

A student conducted an investigation to study the phototropism in grasses. The only difference between the control group and the experimental group was light conditions. The control group was provided full light, while the experimental group was shaded on one side. The diagrams show the average heights and positions of blades of grass in the investigation. Which statement best explains why the grass tips of the experimental group bent toward the light?

• Water evaporated faster on the side of the plant having full light

• light sensors in the grass tips stimulated a hormone in the shoot system

• the xylem in the root system absorbed more nutrients from the shaded side

• the side facing the light has a greater chance of absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

Auxins are plant hormones that help regulate growth. Sunlight stimulates auxins on the shaded side of the stem causing the plant to grow faster on that side. This pushes the stem towards sunlight. This response is known as:

• geotropism

• transpiration

• phototropism

• thigmotropism

Since a growing seed cannot carry out photosynthesis, it is packaged with nutrients. Which two plant systems must interact to create nutrient-rich seeds?

• Root system and dermal tissue system

• Reproductive system and transport system

• Excretory system and digestive system

• Immune system and vascular tissue system

When animal cells are placed into a hypotonic solution they burst, however this does not happen to plant cells in the same situation. Plant cells can take on excess water without bursting. Which of the following structural adaptations explains why plant cells do not burst in hypotonic solutions?

• plants have cell walls and animal cells do not

• plants have chloroplasts and animals do not

• plants have cell membranes and animal cells do not

• none of the above

Why are root hairs important to the roots, stems, and leaves of plants?

• they increase the surface area of the roots allowing them to absorb more water

• they transport water to other areas of the plant for photosynthesis

• they produce hormones needed throughout the rest of the plant

• they create seeds or spores so the plant can reproduce

Plants have hormones just like humans do. Plant hormones are created in the plant's stem, buds, and root tips. These hormones are carried and distributed throughout the plant by the plant's ____________________ system. Which of the following correctly completes the sentence?

• vascular

• reproductive

• dermal

• root