Pre2_STUDENT

Samples of participants who are not representative of the larger population are known as ____ samples.

• convenience

• random

• biased

• reliable

What is the best way to eliminate observer expectancy effects?

• Keep the experimenter blind to the hypothesis.

• Keep the experimenter coaching the subjects.

• Give the experimenter more time to collect data.

• Use a measurement technique that has high criterion validity.

The standard deviation is a measure of ____.

• central tendency

• bias

• variability

• correlation

In an experiment, the dependent variable is the one that the researcher:

• measures.

• systematically alters.

• discovers

• holds constant.

Which concept is explicitly designed to help a researcher decide how

much confidence to place in a specific, data-based conclusion?

• inferential statistics

• descriptive statistics.

• correlation coefficients

• measures of central tendency.

Bill finds that he has a very large standard deviation and he concludes that

the scores in his data set are:

• very similar to one another.

• very different from one another.

• not valid and should be discarded.

• statistically significant.

A correlation coefficient expresses the _____ of a statistical relationship

• strength and direction

• strength and significance

• significance and direction.

• direction and likelihood.

What type of statistic is used to summarize a set of data?

• descriptive statistics

• inferential statistics

• manipulative statistics.

• biased statistics

A procedure that measures or predicts what it is supposed to measure or predict is described as ____.

• unbiased

• valid

• biased

• reliable

In a(n) ____, the researcher does not manipulate any variable but

measures two or more variables to find relationships among them.

• correlational study

• double-blind study.

• descriptive study.

• experiment