Early Civilizations

The three theories about how the first humans may have arrived in the Americas are:

• Berring Land bridge theory, coastal migration theory, and Solutrean hypothesis

• Land bridge theory, space travel theory, and mountain climbing theory.

• Coastal migration theory, underwater tunnel theory, and desert crossing theory.

• Island hopping theory, time travel theory, and river rafting theory.

Early human populations adapted to living in different environments in the Americas by:

• They used natural resources and modified their enviroment

• relying solely on hunting large animals

• staying in one place and not migrating

• using only one type of food source

Select three defining characteristics shared by civilizations in the Western Hemisphere.

• social classes, religion, job specialization

• Nomadic lifestyles, lack of written language, absence of trade

• Hunter-gatherer societies, minimal technological development, isolation from other cultures

• Frequent invasions by Asian empires, reliance on fishing, use of iron tools

Based on this statement, what does this tell you about Native American groups?

The Inuit in the cold North built homes from ice and snow to stay warm.

• They adapted to their environment

• Native American groups all lived in the same region.

• Native American groups spoke only one language.

• Native American groups had identical traditions.

One characteristic of early human settlements in the Americas was:

• Shared cultures with customs, beliefs and languages

• They were built with advanced metal tools.

• They had large urban centers.

• They relied on written language for communication.

What are 3 examples of a complex society or civilization in the Western Hemisphere?

• Maya, Aztec, Inca

• Egyptians, Greeks, Romans

• Vikings, Celts, Saxons

• Han, Qin, Tang

Give one example of how complex societies and civilizations in the Western Hemisphere adapted to their environment?

• The Maya developed advanced agricultural techniques such as terracing and irrigation.

• The Aztecs built pyramids to worship the sun.

• The Inca used gold to decorate their temples.

• The Olmec created giant stone heads for religious ceremonies.

Give an example of how the Mayan civilization developed a unique cultural achievement in the Western Hemisphere?

• The Mayan civilization developed a hieroglyphic writing system.

• The Mayan civilization invented the steam engine.

• The Mayan civilization built the Great Wall of China.

• The Mayan civilization discovered electricity.

Which of the following civilizations were known for their impressive cities?

• Both Maya and Aztec civilizations

• Only the Inca civilization

• Only the Olmec civilization

• Only the Zapotec civilization

Which of the following civilizations were known for their knowledge of astronomy?

• Both Maya and Aztec civilizations

• Roman civilization

• Viking civilization

• Mongol civilization