2nd Semester World History Final Exam (1750-Present) (5/11/26)

The teachings of Enlightenment thinking listed above provided the basis for the

• establishment of democratic government.

• teaching of the Protestant Reformation.

• calling of the crusades.

• development of feudalism.

Which leader was inspired by the ideas of the American Revolution and the Enlightenment to lead the liberation of much of South America from Spain?

• Simón Bolívar

• Padre Miguel Hidalgo

• José Martí

• Antonio López de Santa Anna

In the nineteenth century, labor unions developed mostly in response to

• increasing unemployment.

• government ownership of businesses.

• wages and working conditions.

• racial and gender discrimination.

At the end of the 1800s, colonies were generally seen as a

• place to banish criminals.

• sign of a country’s relative power.

• location to train military forces.

• method for suppressing nationalism.

The Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 introduced which form of government to Russia?

• communism

• democracy

• fascism

• monarchy

Which of these was a major social consequence of the Industrial Revolution in England?

• an increase in support programs for young children working in factories

• the replacement of an absolute monarchy with a parliamentary system

• an increase in the number of people moving from rural areas to urban areas

• the replacement of government welfare programs by private programs

Which statement explains changes in government from absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy?

• Kings and queens wished to maintain authority and control.

• The divine right of kings to rule was reinforced.

• Citizens wanted a stronger voice in their government.

• The power of feudal lords was affirmed.

Imperialism in Africa:

“The period of imperialism has witnessed many wars.... The white rulers of the colonies live at the expense of the natives. Their chief work is to organize labor for their support. In the typical colony, the most fertile lands and the mineral resources are owned by white foreigners. These holdings are worked by natives under their direction. The foreigners take wealth out of the country. All the hard work is done by natives.”

According to the author, how did imperialism affect African societies?

• Foreigners helped the continent by finding its valuable minerals.

• Foreigners took the citizens out of the country to work as slaves.

• Foreigners used the most fertile land and took wealth out of the country.

• Foreigners helped the continent by providing citizens with high-paying jobs.

One objective of 19th-century European imperialism was to

• preserve native cultures and traditions.

• expand peace and freedom.

• protect the environment and conserve wildlife.

• convert inhabitants of foreign territories to Christianity.

The economist Adam Smith was an Enlightenment thinker. In his writings, he described how market systems worked and expressed his belief in laissez-faire economics. His ideas influenced how people viewed their relationship with their government. Supporters of Smith wanted government to

• end universal suffrage.

• uphold the divine right of kings.

• protect their freedoms and property.

• provide strict economic regulations on business.