Understanding the Judicial System

What is the term for the authority of a court to hear and decide a case?

• Judicial review

• Jurisdiction

• Due process

• Appellate authority

Tags

VA.CE.5.a

What is the name of the power that allows courts to determine whether a law is constitutional?

• Jurisdiction

• Habeas corpus

• Judicial review

• Appellate review

Tags

VA.CE.5.a

Which of the following best describes due process?

• The right of courts to overturn laws

• The legal requirement that the government must respect all legal rights owed to a person

• The process by which a jury is selected

• The authority of a court to hear a case for the first time

Tags

VA.CE.5.b

In a criminal case, who is responsible for bringing charges against the accused?

• The victim

• A private attorney

• The government or state

• The judge

Tags

VA.CE.5.c

Which landmark Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review?

• Brown v. Board of Education

• Marbury v. Madison

• Miranda v. Arizona

• McCulloch v. Maryland

Tags

VA.CE.5.d

What type of court has original jurisdiction over most federal cases involving the Constitution?

• State Supreme Court

• U.S. Court of Appeals

• U.S. District Court

• Virginia General District Court

Tags

VA.CE.5.a

Which of the following is a due process protection guaranteed to individuals accused of a crime?

• The right to be found guilty without a trial

• The right to a speedy and public trial

• The right to choose the judge in their case

• The right to avoid paying fines

Tags

VA.CE.5.b

In a civil case, what is the typical outcome if the defendant is found liable?

• The defendant is sentenced to prison

• The defendant pays a fine to the government

• The defendant may be required to pay damages to the plaintiff

• The defendant loses their right to vote

Tags

VA.CE.5.c

Which of the following correctly describes the difference between original jurisdiction and appellate jurisdiction?

• Original jurisdiction means a court can only hear criminal cases, while appellate jurisdiction means a court can only hear civil cases

• Original jurisdiction is the authority to hear a case for the first time, while appellate jurisdiction is the authority to review decisions made by lower courts

• Original jurisdiction applies only to federal courts, while appellate jurisdiction applies only to state courts

• Original jurisdiction allows courts to create new laws, while appellate jurisdiction allows courts to enforce existing laws

Tags

VA.CE.5.a

How does the system of judicial review, as established in Marbury v. Madison, affect the balance of power among the three branches of government?

• It gives Congress the power to override Supreme Court decisions

• It allows the President to appoint judges without Senate approval

• It enables the judiciary to check the legislative and executive branches by striking down unconstitutional laws

• It requires all laws to be approved by the Supreme Court before they take effect

Tags

VA.CE.5.d