Topic 10.2 The North packet

Improvements to water transportation that benefited industry included which of the following?

• Canals connected lakes and rivers, making shipping cheaper and faster.

• Railroads replaced all water routes, making canals obsolete (no longer needed).

• Bridges were built over rivers to allow more road traffic.

• Airplanes were used to transport goods over water.

• Steamboats allowed travel upstream, making shipping cheaper and faster.

Canals and railways transformed trade in the interior of the United States by:

• creating a more direct way to get from the East Coast to the Midwest, greatly improving trade

• making it harder to have a direct route to transport goods across the country

• reducing the amount of goods that could be traded

• isolating (separating) the Midwest from the East Coast greatly improving trade

The invention of the telegraph changed everyday life in the United States by making it possible to communicate quickly over long distances. Which of the following was a direct result of this invention?

• News could travel in minutes instead of days or weeks.

• People stopped using written letters entirely.

• Supplies could travel between cities became much faster.

• The population of the United States decreased.

What is the “factory system”?

• Work was performed at a large scale in a single centralized location instead of in the home.

• Work was performed individually by women and children in small workshops at home.

• Work was performed outdoors in open fields.

• Work was performed only by family members at home.

Factories hired young women and children because:

• they were paid less than men.

• they had more experience than men.

• they were physically stronger than men.

• they demanded better working conditions.

Problems caused by children working include:

• Serious injuries and lack of education

• Improved health and longer lives

• Access to better schools and less injuries

• More time for play and rest

The geography of the Northeast was important to the Industrial Revolution because:

• major rivers provided energy for mills and created a transportation network for factory products.

• the region had a warm climate ideal for year-round farming.

• mountain ranges blocked trade with other regions.

• the area was rich in gold and silver resources.

People moved to urban areas because of:

• the increased number of jobs and technological innovations in transportation and housing construction.

• a decrease in available jobs and lack of transportation.

• the desire to live in rural areas.

• limited access to housing and transportation.

Life in an urban area was characterized by which of the following conditions?

• Many workers lived in tenements with poor sanitation and tainted water.

• Most workers enjoyed spacious homes and clean streets.

• Urban areas had excellent sanitation and no violence.

• Immigrants faced no discrimination in housing or jobs.

Match the description to each innovation helped resolve.

• made farming the tough sod of the Great

• interchangeable parts

• machine parts that can be changed out

• mechanical reaper

• quickly separated grain from the stalk

• steel-tipped plow

• sped up wheat harvesting

• thresher