Cell Biology and Biochemistry Quiz

Which of the following is a primary function of carbohydrates in cells?

• Long-term energy storage

• Primary energy source

• Structural component of membranes

• Store and transmit genetic information

What is a unique characteristic of enzymes?

• They are consumed in the reaction

• They are not specific to their substrate

• They speed up chemical reactions

• They are made only of lipids

Based on the enzyme-substrate complex diagram, what happens if the enzyme's active site changes shape due to denaturation?

• The enzyme will work faster

• The substrate will no longer fit, and the reaction will not occur

• The enzyme will produce more products

• The enzyme will become a lipid

Which of the following best explains why mitochondria are important for cellular respiration?

• They store genetic information

• They synthesize ATP through cellular respiration

• They package proteins and lipids

• They regulate cell signaling

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

A scientist observes that increasing the substrate concentration in a reaction increases the reaction rate up to a certain point, after which the rate levels off. Using your knowledge of enzyme function, explain why this occurs.

• The enzyme is denatured at high substrate concentrations

• All enzyme active sites are occupied, so adding more substrate has no effect

• The reaction stops completely

• The enzyme changes into a carbohydrate

Which of the following is NOT a component of DNA?

• Deoxyribose sugar

• Phosphate group

• Nitrogenous base

• Lipid molecule

What is the main function of DNA in cells?

• Stores and transmits genetic information

• Provides energy for cellular activities

• Regulates cell membrane transport

• Produces proteins directly

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

During DNA replication, what is the role of enzymes?

• They break down the cell membrane

• They catalyze the process by opening the helix and pairing complementary nucleotides

• They produce energy for the cell

• They remove waste products from the cell

Explain how mutations and hormonal imbalances can disrupt the cell cycle and potentially lead to cancer. Use evidence from the cell cycle process to support your answer.

• Mutations and hormonal imbalances can cause errors in DNA repair, resulting in uncontrolled cell growth and division, which may lead to cancer.

• Mutations and hormonal imbalances only affect the cell membrane, not the cell cycle.

• Mutations and hormonal imbalances always result in cell death, preventing cancer.

• Mutations and hormonal imbalances have no effect on the cell cycle.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

A cell is preparing to divide. What must it do before division to ensure each new daughter cell has an identical set of genetic instructions?

• Replicate its DNA

• Increase its surface area

• Produce more proteins

• Remove all organelles

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4