U.S. History EOC Practice Questions

The poster was printed by the U.S. government during World War II.

Why did the U.S. government promote the type of practice featured on this poster during wartime?

• to reduce the effects of shortages caused by severe drought

• to reduce the effects of shortages caused by mandatory rationing

• to increase the physical fitness of the public by stressing outdoor activities

• to increase the physical fitness of the public by emphasizing proper nutrition

What was the primary purpose of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union when it was founded in 1874?

• to promote racial equality

• to limit foreign immigration

• to ban alcoholic consumption

• to ensure economic opportunity

Which characteristic of the Vietnam War was central to changing public opinion about the war?

• financial costs of the war

• television images of the war

• communist forces entering the war

• presidential speeches discussing the war

The excerpt is from the 1919 Treaty of Versailles.

Article 232

The Allied and Associated Governments, however, require, and Germany undertakes, that she will make compensation for all damage done to the civilian population of the Allied and Associated Powers and to their property during the period of the belligerency of each as an Allied or Associated Power against Germany by such aggression by land, by sea and from the air. . . . . . . Germany undertakes, in addition to the compensation for damage elsewhere . . ., to make reimbursement of all sums which Belgium has borrowed from the Allied and Associated Governments up to November 11, 1918, together with interest at the rate of five per cent.

Why did President Woodrow Wilson initially oppose this provision of the treaty?

• It would weaken German economic recovery.

• German property was also damaged by enemy action.

• It would give European allied nations excessive power.

• European allied nations were also responsible for wartime damage.

The excerpt below is from a diplomatic note sent by U.S. Secretary of State John Hay in 1899.

"The Government of the United States would be pleased to see His German Majesty’s Government give formal assurances, and lend its cooperation in securing like assurances from the other interested powers, that each, within its respective sphere of whatever influence— First. Will in no way interfere with any treaty port or any vested interest within any so-called “sphere of interest” or leased territory it may have in China. Second. That the Chinese treaty tariff of the time being shall apply to all merchandise landed or shipped to all such ports as are within said “sphere of interest” . . . , no matter to what nationality it may belong, and that duties so leviable shall be collected by the Chinese Government. Third. That it will levy no higher harbor dues on vessels of another nationality frequenting any port in such “sphere” than shall be levied on vessels of its own nationality."

Why did the U.S. government pursue this foreign policy with the leading world powers in 1899?

• The United States wanted to deter military conflicts between European powers in China.

• The United States hoped to prevent territorial expansion by Japanese forces in China.

• The United States hoped to secure equal economic opportunities in China.

• The United States wanted to build new naval bases in China.

The timeline below describes some events of the 1930s.

What change in society can be identified from the events in the timeline?

• The Harlem Renaissance broadened interest in African-American culture.

• The Harlem Renaissance funded programs for African-American writers.

• The Great Migration integrated northern communities.

• The Great Migration furthered economic equality.

Which change occurred to the status of U.S. women immediately after World War II?

• Most women were expected to learn new skills for employment.

• Most women were able to use their financial resources to start businesses.

• Many women were expected to leave their jobs and return to homemaking.

• Many women were able to exercise political power and participate in government.

The diagram below describes events associated with the Yalta Conference in February 1945. Which outcome completes this diagram?

• The United States established a long-term presence in Western Europe.

• The United States established multiparty governments in Western Europe.

• The United States agreed to station conventional and nuclear weapons in Europe.

• The United States agreed to conduct long-term industrial research and development in Europe.

How did George Westinghouse’s invention of air brakes in 1868 change transportation in the United States?

• by limiting the demand for steel rails

• by expanding the number of railroad routes

• by reducing the number of railroad accidents

• by increasing the demand for refrigerated boxcars

The excerpt below is from President Rutherford B. Hayes’s First Annual Message in 1877.

"The discontinuance of the use of the Army for the purpose of upholding local governments . . . was no less a constitutional duty and requirement, under the circumstances existing at the time, than it was a much-needed measure for the restoration of local self-government and the promotion of national harmony. The withdrawal of the troops from such employment was effected deliberately . . ."

Which development was President Hayes referencing in this excerpt?

• the beginning of the Second Industrial Revolution

• the onset of Manifest Destiny

• the end of the Indian Wars

• the end of Reconstruction