Understanding Albinism

What is albinism?

• A skin disease caused by bacteria

• A genetic condition that decreases melanin production

• A condition caused by excessive melanin production

• A temporary skin condition due to sun exposure

What pigment is responsible for skin and hair color?

• Hemoglobin

• Keratin

• Collagen

• Melanin

Which type of albinism affects only the eyes?

• Ocular albinism (OA)

• Oculo-cutaneous albinism (OCA)

• Type 1A albinism

• Type 2 albinism

How is albinism inherited?

• Autosomal recessive inheritance

• X-linked inheritance

• Autosomal dominant inheritance

• Mitochondrial inheritance

What is the role of eumelanin in the body?

• Generates keratin in the skin

• Produces yellow to red pigmentation

• Causes the creation of free radicals

• Protects against UV-induced DNA damage

What is a common eye problem in individuals with albinism?

• Overproduction of melanin in the eyes

• Complete blindness at birth

• Excessive tear production

• Sensitivity to bright light

What is one way to prevent skin cancer in individuals with albinism?

• Using sunscreen with SPF 30+

• Using UV lamps for skin protection

• Avoiding all outdoor activities

• Taking melanin supplements

What is tyrosine's role in melanin production?

• It is an enzyme that converts melanin into eumelanin

• It is a pigment that gives skin its color

• It blocks UV radiation from the skin

• It is the starting material for melanin production

What is a recommended strategy for children with albinism in school?

• Skipping outdoor recess entirely

• Wearing sunglasses indoors at all times

• Avoiding participation in group activities

• Using larger print size and preferential seating

What is the main reason individuals with albinism are at higher risk of skin cancer?

• A genetic mutation that causes rapid skin cell growth

• Overexposure to artificial light sources

• Excessive melanin production in the skin

• Reduced protection against UV damage and increased free radical production