Spring 2026 Final Practice Exam

Which Ming Dynasty explorer is famous for leading seven massive naval expeditions across the Indian Ocean?

• Marco Polo
• Zheng He
• Vasco da Gama
• Ferdinand Magellan

What policy did the Ming and Qing Dynasties adopt to limit European influence and preserve traditional culture?

• Expansionism
• Globalization
• Isolationism
• Mercantilism

Which of the following is a primary similarity between the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal "Gunpowder Empires"?

• They were all located in Western Europe.
• They relied on advanced firearms and cannons for conquest.
• They were all predominantly Christian.
• They rejected all forms of trade with neighbors.

According to John Locke, what are the three "natural rights" that every human is born with?

• Life, Liberty, and Property
• Freedom, Money, and Happiness
• Voting, Speech, and Religion
• Security, Equality, and Health

Which Enlightenment philosopher most strongly advocated for the "Social Contract" and the idea that government should reflect the General Will?

• Voltaire
• Montesquieu
• Jean-Jacques Rousseau
• Thomas Hobbes

Voltaire is best known for his advocacy of which principle?

• Absolute Monarchy
• Freedom of speech and religious tolerance
• The Divine Right of Kings
• Communism

What was a major result of the English Glorious Revolution of 1689?

• The establishment of a military dictatorship
• The return to Absolute Monarchy
• The signing of the English Bill of Rights and a Constitutional Monarchy
• The total abolition of the monarchy

The Haitian Revolution (1791) was unique among the Atlantic Revolutions because it was:

• Led entirely by the upper-class Creoles
• The only successful slave revolt resulting in an independent nation
• Supported by Napoleon Bonaparte
• Peacefully negotiated with France

Which social group led most of the independence movements in Latin America (1808–1825)?

• Peninsulares
• Creoles
• Enslaved people
• Peasants

Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Great Britain?

• A lack of natural resources forced them to innovate.
• They had an abundance of coal, iron, and access to water for power.
• They were the only country with a large population.
• The government banned all foreign trade.