NYS Life Science Biology Regents Review

Which statement best explains how DNA controls protein production in a cell?

• DNA directly creates ATP in the mitochondria.
• DNA contains instructions that determine amino acid order.
• DNA stores proteins inside the nucleus.
• DNA breaks down carbohydrates into sugars.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Which process allows body cells to grow and repair damaged tissues?

• meiosis
• fertilization
• mitosis
• mutation

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Which organelle is most directly responsible for releasing usable energy from glucose?

• ribosome
• nucleus
• chloroplast
• mitochondrion

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NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Photosynthesis is important to ecosystems because it

• removes oxygen from the atmosphere
• converts solar energy into chemical energy
• breaks down glucose for ATP production
• produces nitrogen for consumers

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NGSS.HS-LS1-5

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Which molecule is the main source of immediate usable energy for cells?

• DNA
• ATP
• glucose
• oxygen

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NGSS.MS-LS1-7

A mutation is best defined as

• a harmful disease caused by bacteria
• a change in chromosome number only
• a random change in a DNA sequence
• the process of protein synthesis

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which process increases genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms?

• mitosis
• cloning
• meiosis
• binary fission

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

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Which statement best describes homeostasis?

• the process of evolution over time
• maintaining stable internal conditions
• competition between species for resources
• movement of energy through food webs

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Insulin and glucagon help regulate blood glucose levels. This is an example of

• ecological succession
• a feedback mechanism
• natural selection
• selective breeding

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Which statement best explains why enzymes are important?

• They slow down chemical reactions.
• They store genetic information.
• They increase the rate of chemical reactions.
• They destroy all harmful substances in cells.