World History Classical East Test Review

Small agrarian villages with local trade networks

Urbanized empires with wider political integration

Nomadic herders with seasonal migration routes

Isolated island towns with fishing economies

Brahmins, the priestly and scholarly class

Sudras, the laborers and service workers

Vaishyas, the merchant and farmer class

Kshatriyas, the warrior rulers of states

A soul reborn through cycles based on karma

A spirit merging once with the supreme god

A single life ending in eternal rest for all

A temporary sleep before final judgment day

North India; Maurya rulers promoted the faith

South India; Gupta rulers mandated temples

West India; Kushan rulers controlled trade

East India; Chola rulers expanded missions

Maurya then Gupta through bureaucracy and routes

Gupta then Maurya through naval dominance

Chola then Gupta through desert caravans

Kushan then Chola through mountain forts

Triangular sails enabling Atlantic navigation

Gunpowder weapons and iron casting industry

Concept of zero and advances in mathematics

Alphabetic script spread across the Mediterranean

Building roads with rest houses and pillars

Expanding naval fleets across the Indian Ocean

Imposing higher tariffs on regional markets

Relocating capitals to coastal port cities

Economic profit and market competition

Military conquest and legal punishments

Filial piety and hierarchical ethics

Mystical rituals and monastic isolation

Local trails used only within northern China

A single paved highway from India to Europe

Overland routes linking Asia and the Mediterranean

Sea lanes connecting only African ports

Store grain reserves for urban markets

Collect tolls from Silk Road merchants

Protect northern borders from invasions

Mark provincial boundaries for taxation