Exploring Enzyme Function and Catalysis

Why is the phosphorylation of glucose important in biological systems?

• It converts glucose into a protein.

• It breaks down glucose into smaller molecules.

• It makes glucose more soluble in water.

• It tags glucose, making it harder to escape the cell.

What is required for a reaction to occur even if it is energetically favorable?

• Low pH

• Presence of water

• Activation energy

• High temperature

What is the role of a catalyst in a biological reaction?

• It changes the reactants into different molecules.

• It speeds up the reaction or allows it to occur.

• It provides energy to the reactants.

• It increases the temperature of the reaction.

What are enzymes typically made of?

• Nucleic acids

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

What term is used for the molecules that bind to enzymes and react?

• Coenzymes

• Products

• Substrates

• Inhibitors

What is the active site of an enzyme?

• The part of the enzyme that is inactive.

• The part of the enzyme that binds to substrates.

• The part of the enzyme that is destroyed after the reaction.

• The part of the enzyme that stores energy.

What happens during the induced fit mechanism?

• The enzyme becomes inactive.

• The enzyme and substrates both change shape randomly.

• The substrates change shape to fit the enzyme.

• The enzyme changes shape to better fit the substrates.

What might be involved in facilitating the phosphorylation of glucose?

• Sodium ions

• Magnesium ions

• Chloride ions

• Calcium ions

What is a key property of enzymes after they catalyze a reaction?

• They are used up and cannot be reused.

• They change into different molecules.

• They remain unchanged and can be reused.

• They become inactive.

What does the visualization of hexokinase help us appreciate?

• The simplicity of biological systems.

• The uniformity of all enzymes.

• The complexity and beauty of enzyme structures.

• The randomness of molecular interactions.