What is genome editing?

• A way to increase the size of an organism

• A process to clone organisms

• A technique to make targeted changes in an organism’s genome

• A method to change the color of an organism

Why has the CRISPR-Cas9 system become popular?

• It is slow and expensive

• It is fast, cheap, precise, and relatively easy to use

• It is only used in plants

• It is difficult to use

What is the role of the RNA guide sequence in CRISPR-Cas9?

• To bind to the target DNA sequence in the host genome

• To destroy the host genome

• To bind to the Cas9 protein

• To create new DNA sequences

What happens after the Cas9-RNA complex binds to the target DNA?

• The DNA is duplicated

• The DNA is destroyed

• The RNA is removed

• A double-strand cut is made in the genomic DNA

What type of cells were edited in the mouse example?

• Germline cells

• Somatic cells

• Stem cells

• Immune cells

What is the significance of editing germline cells?

• The changes are reversible

• The changes are temporary

• The changes can be transmitted across generations

• The changes only affect the individual

What gene did He Jiankui alter in the twin girls?

• CCR5 gene

• BRCA1 gene

• CFTR gene

• HBB gene

What was one of the ethical concerns regarding He Jiankui's experiment?

• The experiment was conducted openly

• Proper informed consent from parents was unclear

• The procedure had a known medical need

• The technology is fully mature

What is a potential risk of genome editing in human embryos?

• The procedure is completely risk-free

• The mutation may not match the known beneficial variation

• The edited gene always provides the intended benefits

• All cells are always edited uniformly

What is the general consensus about germline genome editing of human embryos?

• It is completely risk-free

• It has no potential benefits

• It is not yet ready for ethical use

• It is fully accepted and widely used