Regulation and Feedback Mechanisms in Homeostasis

The video tutorial covers the concept of homeostasis, explaining how organisms maintain stable internal conditions through dynamic equilibrium. It delves into feedback mechanisms, distinguishing between positive and negative feedback loops, and provides examples such as thermoregulation, osmoregulation, and blood sugar regulation. The role of enzymes in facilitating and regulating biochemical reactions is also discussed, highlighting their importance in maintaining homeostasis.

What is the primary goal of homeostasis in an organism?

• To maintain a constant external environment

• To keep internal conditions stable and constant

• To change internal conditions frequently

• To maintain a constant body weight

Which of the following best describes dynamic equilibrium?

• Internal conditions remain exactly the same

• Internal conditions fluctuate within a normal range

• External conditions are kept constant

• Internal conditions change randomly

In a positive feedback loop, the output of the system:

• Reduces the input

• Amplifies the response

• Has no effect on the system

• Stabilizes the system

Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback loop in humans?

• Osmoregulation

• Childbirth

• Thermoregulation

• Blood sugar regulation

What happens to blood vessels during thermoregulation when the body is too hot?

• They constrict to retain heat

• They dilate to release heat

• They remain unchanged

• They produce sweat

What hormone is released by the pancreas when blood glucose levels are too high?

• Ethylene

• ADH

• Insulin

• Glucagon

In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas produces too little or no:

• Glycogen

• Glucagon

• Insulin

• ADH

What is the primary function of enzymes in biological systems?

• To act as reactants

• To act as catalysts and speed up reactions

• To permanently alter chemical reactions

• To slow down chemical reactions

How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?

• By lowering the activation energy

• By increasing the activation energy

• By changing the reactants

• By altering the products

What can cause the denaturation of an enzyme?

• Optimal pH levels

• Presence of substrates

• Optimal temperature

• Extreme pH or temperature changes