Exploring Mutations in Depth

What is a mutation in the context of DNA replication?

• A change in the sequence of cells.

• A change in the sequence of proteins.

• A change in the sequence of nucleotides.

• A change in the sequence of amino acids.

Which type of mutation involves the replacement of one base pair with another?

• Frameshift

• Deletion

• Substitution

• Insertion

What is the consequence of an insertion mutation?

• It has no effect on the reading frame.

• It replaces one base pair with another.

• It removes a base pair, altering the reading frame.

• It adds an extra base pair, altering the reading frame.

What is apoptosis?

• The process of protein synthesis.

• The process of programmed cell death.

• The process of cell division.

• The process of DNA replication.

How many new variations does each person have that were not present in their parents?

• About 10

• About 30

• About 60

• About 100

What percentage of the human genome is exactly the same across the whole human race?

• 99.0%

• 100%

• 99.9%

• 99.5%

What is the primary source of human variation?

• Diet

• Mutations

• Exercise

• Environmental factors

What causes the wrinkled variety in Mendel's peas?

• A substitution mutation

• A deletion mutation

• An insertion mutation

• A frameshift mutation

What happens to the starch in peas when there is a mutation in the enzyme that helps it branch?

• It turns into protein.

• It becomes less branched and more sugar accumulates.

• It remains unchanged.

• It becomes more branched.

What is the effect of extra sugar in the peas due to the mutation?

• It causes the peas to swell and wrinkle when dried.

• It makes the peas sweeter.

• It has no effect on the peas.

• It causes the peas to become round.