Exploring Ionic and Covalent Bonds

What is the Octet Rule?

• Atoms always gain electrons to become stable.

• Atoms combine to form compounds by sharing, giving up, or accepting protons to have eight protons in their nucleus.

• Atoms always lose electrons to become stable.

• Atoms combine to form compounds by sharing, giving up, or accepting electrons to have eight electrons in their outer shell.

Why is hydrogen an exception to the Octet Rule?

• Hydrogen can only hold two electrons in its outer shell.

• Hydrogen can hold eight electrons in its outer shell.

• Hydrogen does not form bonds.

• Hydrogen always loses electrons.

How does a covalent bond form?

• By sharing electrons between atoms to satisfy the Octet Rule.

• By transferring protons between atoms.

• By transferring electrons to form ions.

• By sharing neutrons between atoms.

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What is the stable configuration of the first electron shell?

• Eight electrons

• Two electrons

• Six electrons

• Four electrons

What happens to sodium when it loses an electron?

• It becomes neutral.

• It gains a proton.

• It becomes positively charged.

• It becomes negatively charged.

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Why does chlorine tend to gain an electron?

• Because it has seven electrons in its outer shell.

• Because it has no electrons in its outer shell.

• Because it has eight electrons in its outer shell.

• Because it has one electron in its outer shell.

What are ions?

• Neutral atoms.

• Atoms with a charge due to the loss or gain of protons.

• Atoms that do not form bonds.

• Atoms with a charge due to the loss or gain of electrons.

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What is the result of the attraction between sodium and chlorine ions?

• Formation of carbon dioxide.

• Formation of water.

• Formation of hydrogen gas.

• Formation of sodium chloride (table salt).

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