Exploring Ionic Bonding and Empirical Formulas

Mr. Donahue explains ions and ionic compounds, focusing on ionic bonding and empirical formulas. He describes atoms as neutral entities and ions as charged due to electron gain or loss. Cations are positively charged, while anions are negatively charged. The video covers predicting ionic charges based on noble gas configurations and the formation of ionic compounds through electron transfer. It concludes with determining empirical formulas for ionic compounds, ensuring a net charge of zero.

What is the overall charge of a neutral atom?

• Depends on the number of protons

• Zero

• Negative

• Positive

What happens to an atom when it loses an electron?

• It becomes a noble gas

• It becomes negatively charged

• It remains neutral

• It becomes positively charged

Which type of ion has a positive charge?

• Neutral ion

• Anion

• Cation

• Noble gas

How do metals achieve a noble gas configuration?

• By becoming neutral

• By losing electrons

• By gaining electrons

• By sharing electrons

What charge does fluorine typically have when it gains one electron?

• Plus one

• Plus two

• Minus two

• Minus one

What is the result when a metal and a non-metal form an ionic bond?

• A neutral molecule

• A covalent compound

• A metallic bond

• An ionic compound

What is the empirical formula for a compound formed by lithium and fluorine?

• LiF2

• Li2F

• LiF

• Li2F2

How do you determine the empirical formula for an ionic compound?

• By adding the charges of the ions

• By using the atomic masses

• By counting the total number of atoms

• By ensuring the net charge is zero

What is the empirical formula for a compound formed by magnesium and nitrogen?

• Mg2N3

• MgN

• MgN2

• Mg3N2

What is the empirical formula for a compound formed by sodium and chlorine?

• NaCl2

• Na2Cl2

• Na2Cl

• NaCl