Exploring Water's Structure and Emergent Properties

The lecture explores the critical role of water in biology, emphasizing its unique properties that make life possible on Earth. It covers water's molecular structure, highlighting its cohesion, adhesion, high heat capacity, and ability to float as ice. The discussion extends to water's role as a universal solvent, capable of dissolving various substances due to its polar nature. These properties are crucial for maintaining life, regulating temperature, and supporting biological processes.

Why is water considered essential for life on Earth?

• It makes up to two-thirds of the human body weight.

• It can dissolve all types of bonds.

• It is the only compound found on Mars.

• It is the most abundant compound in the universe.

What is the chemical formula of water?

• H3O

• HO2

• H2O

• H2O2

What type of bond is formed between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a water molecule?

• Ionic bond

• Hydrogen bond

• Covalent bond

• Metallic bond

What causes the partial charges in a water molecule?

• The presence of lone pair electrons on hydrogen and oxygen

• The sharing of protons between hydrogen and oxygen

• The higher electronegativity of oxygen

• The presence of lone pair electrons on hydrogen

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-5

NGSS.HS-PS2-6

What is the term for the attraction between the partially positive hydrogen of one water molecule and the partially negative oxygen of another?

• Ionic bond

• Covalent bond

• Hydrogen bond

• Van der Waals force

Which property of water allows it to stick to the sides of a container?

• Cohesion

• Surface tension

• Capillary action

• Adhesion

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-5

Why does water have a high heat capacity?

• Because it has a high boiling point

• Because it can dissolve many substances

• Because it is less dense as a solid than as a liquid

• Because it can absorb and release a lot of energy without changing temperature

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

Why is it important that ice floats on liquid water?

• It increases the density of water

• It prevents lakes and oceans from freezing solid

• It allows for the formation of hydrogen bonds

• It helps in the process of transpiration

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-5

What makes water a universal solvent?

• Its partial positive and negative charges

• Its ability to form hydrogen bonds

• Its high heat capacity

• Its ability to float as ice

Which of the following substances is hydrophobic?

• Sugar

• Salt

• Water

• Fat

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-5