Exploring Ions and Bonding Types

This video tutorial explains the concepts of ions, ionic bonding, and covalent bonding. It describes how ions are formed by the loss or gain of electrons, differentiating between cations and anions. The tutorial uses sodium and chlorine as examples to illustrate ionic bonding, where sodium donates an electron to chlorine, resulting in a stable compound. The video also covers the arrangement of electrons in shells and how atoms achieve stability by completing their outer shells. Finally, it explains how to calculate the charge of ions and concludes with the formation of sodium chloride.

What is an ion?

• An atom that loses or gains protons and neutrons

• An atom that loses or gains protons

• An atom that loses or gains electrons

• An atom that loses or gains neutrons

Which type of ion gains electrons?

• Cation

• Anion

• Proton

• Neutron

In ionic bonding, what types of elements come together?

• A metal and a metalloid

• A metal and a non-metal

• Two non-metals

• Two metals

What is the atomic number of sodium?

• 35.45

• 17

• 22.99

• 11

Where is chlorine located on the periodic table?

• Group 2A

• Group 1A

• Group 8A

• Group 7A

How many electrons can the first shell of an atom hold?

• 1

• 2

• 8

• 10

What is the term for the outermost shell of an atom?

• Middle shell

• Core shell

• Primary shell

• Valence shell

What happens to sodium's electron in ionic bonding with chlorine?

• It remains with sodium

• It is gained from chlorine

• It is lost to chlorine

• It is shared with chlorine

How do you calculate the charge of an ion?

• Number of protons minus number of electrons

• Number of protons plus number of electrons

• Number of neutrons plus number of protons

• Number of neutrons minus number of electrons

What is the charge of a chlorine ion after gaining an electron?

• -1

• +1

• +2

• -2