The video tutorial explains how to find valence and total electrons for elements and ions. It covers the concept of atomic number, electron shells, and how to determine valence electrons using the periodic table. Examples with nitrogen, sodium, and ions like chlorine and oxygen are provided to illustrate these concepts. The tutorial also highlights the trends in valence electrons across the periodic table and how to handle ions with positive or negative charges.

What is the relationship between the number of electrons and protons in a neutral atom?

• Electrons are always more than protons

• Electrons are always less than protons

• Electrons are equal to protons

• Electrons and protons are unrelated

How many total electrons does a neutral nitrogen atom have?

• 10

• 8

• 7

• 5

What is the maximum number of electrons the second shell can hold?

• 8

• 6

• 4

• 2

How many valence electrons does nitrogen have?

• 7

• 3

• 2

• 5

Which column in the periodic table indicates elements with one valence electron?

• Second column

• First column

• Fourth column

• Third column

How many total electrons does a neutral sodium atom have?

• 13

• 12

• 11

• 10

How many valence electrons does iodine have?

• 8

• 7

• 6

• 5

What is the total number of electrons in a chlorine ion with a -1 charge?

• 19

• 17

• 16

• 18

How many valence electrons does an oxygen ion with a -1 charge have?

• 5

• 6

• 8

• 7

How many valence electrons does an oxygen ion with a +2 charge have?

• 2

• 8

• 4

• 6