Exploring the Redshift Phenomenon in Distant Galaxies

What percentage of the Sun is composed of hydrogen?

• 25%

• 73%

• 0.36%

• 0.8%

Which element in the Sun has the second highest percentage composition?

• Hydrogen

• Helium

• Carbon

• Oxygen

What causes black lines to appear in the spectrum of white light?

• Reflection of light

• Absorption of certain wavelengths by elements

• Refraction of light

• Scattering of light

How can scientists determine the elements that make up the Sun?

• By measuring the temperature of the Sun

• By analyzing the spectral lines

• By observing the Sun's color

• By studying the Sun's magnetic field

What can spectral lines be used to investigate besides the Sun?

• The age of the universe

• The distance between stars

• The elements in stars and distant galaxies

• The speed of light

What is the term for the shift of spectral lines to the blue end of the spectrum?

• Yellow shift

• Blue shift

• Red shift

• Green shift

What does a red shift in the spectral lines of a galaxy indicate?

• The galaxy is rotating

• The galaxy is moving away from the Earth

• The galaxy is stationary

• The galaxy is moving towards the Earth

What happens to the spectral lines if a galaxy is moving away from an observer on Earth?

• They shift to the blue end of the spectrum

• They remain unchanged

• They shift to the red end of the spectrum

• They disappear

Who measured the spectral lines of hundreds of galaxies and found that most display a red shift?

• Galileo Galilei

• Edwin Hubble

• Isaac Newton

• Albert Einstein

What conclusion did Edwin Hubble's observations lead to?

• The universe is contracting

• The universe is expanding

• The universe is static

• The universe is rotating