Exploring DNA and Its Replication Process

The video tutorial covers the basics of DNA, including its structure, function, and significance in genetics. It explains the composition of DNA as a nucleic acid, detailing the roles of nucleotides, sugars, phosphates, and nitrogenous bases. The tutorial also discusses base pairing rules, emphasizing the pairing of adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine, and how these pairs can be calculated. Finally, it delves into DNA replication, describing the semi-conservative process and the role of enzymes like DNA polymerase in ensuring accurate replication and proofreading.

Where is DNA found in eukaryotic cells?

• Ribosome

• Mitochondria

• Nucleus

• Cytoplasm

What is the full form of DNA?

• Deoxyribose Nucleic Alkaline

• Deoxyribonucleic Acid

• Deoxyribonitric Acid

• Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid

Which part of the nucleotide is responsible for the 'D' in DNA?

• Phosphate group

• Nitrogenous base

• Five-carbon sugar

• Hydrogen bond

What type of bond holds the nitrogenous bases together in the DNA structure?

• Metallic bond

• Ionic bond

• Covalent bond

• Hydrogen bond

Which nitrogenous base pairs with adenine in DNA?

• Uracil

• Cytosine

• Guanine

• Thymine

If a DNA sample contains 30% thymine, what percentage of adenine should it contain?

• 20%

• 30%

• 50%

• 40%

What is the term used to describe the DNA replication process where each new DNA molecule contains one original strand and one new strand?

• Dispersive

• Conservative

• Semi-conservative

• Non-conservative

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for adding new nucleotides during DNA replication?

• Ligase

• Helicase

• Primase

• DNA polymerase

What role does DNA polymerase play in DNA replication?

• Sealing gaps between Okazaki fragments

• Unwinding the DNA helix

• Breaking hydrogen bonds

• Adding new nucleotides

What is the significance of the semi-conservative model of DNA replication?

• It ensures that each new DNA molecule is identical to the original.

• It allows for random mutations to occur.

• It creates entirely new DNA molecules from scratch.

• It prevents DNA from being replicated.