Transcription and Translation in the Central Dogma

What are the two key processes involved in the central dogma of biology?

• Replication and Transcription

• Transcription and Translation

• Duplication and Transcription

• Translation and Modification

What does each codon in the genetic code specify?

• A single nucleotide

• A single protein

• A single amino acid

• A single sugar molecule

Why is the genetic code considered universal?

• It is different in plants and animals

• It is the same in all animals

• It is only found in mammals

• It varies significantly among organisms

What is the significance of the genetic code's degeneracy?

• It causes frequent errors in protein synthesis

• It prevents any mutations from occurring

• It ensures exact replication of proteins

• It allows for multiple codons to code for the same amino acid

What might not happen if DNA is mutated too much?

• Correct protein might not be made

• DNA will replicate faster

• Cellular aging will stop

• Mutation rates will decrease

During transcription, what does RNA polymerase do?

• It reads DNA and forms RNA

• It joins amino acids

• It modifies RNA

• It duplicates DNA

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

• It modifies proteins

• It carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome

• It replicates DNA

• It transports amino acids

How many amino acids are there that make up proteins?

• 40

• 30

• 20

• 10

What determines the three-dimensional structure of a protein?

• The presence of water

• The length of the protein

• The sequence of amino acids

• The type of cell

What is the result of the translation process in protein synthesis?

• Assembly of amino acids into proteins

• Formation of new DNA strands

• Replication of the cell nucleus

• Creation of mRNA