The video tutorial covers the history of evolutionary theories, including the Greeks, Lamarck, and Darwin's contributions. It explains Darwin's theory of natural selection and other evolutionary forces like mutation and genetic drift. The tutorial also discusses different types of natural selection, such as directional and stabilizing selection, and explores sexual and artificial selection.

What is the main focus of today's lesson?

• Modern technological advancements

• Chemical reactions

• Mathematical equations

• The history of evolutionary theories

According to ancient Greeks, how was life organized?

• Equally without hierarchy

• Based on size

• In a hierarchy from humans to invertebrates

• Randomly

What does the theory of catastrophism attempt to explain?

• The inheritance of acquired traits

• Changes in the environment due to daily weather

• Mass extinctions and changes due to disasters

• The development of new technologies

What was Lamarck's theory about the inheritance of traits?

• Only genetic traits can be inherited

• Traits acquired during an organism's life can be passed on

• Traits are randomly selected

• Inheritance does not occur

Who influenced Darwin with the concept of uniformitarianism?

• Lamarck

• Hutton and Lyell

• Newton

• Aristotle

What is the core principle of Darwin's theory of evolution?

• Inheritance of acquired traits

• Instantaneous creation of new species

• The earth is static and unchanging

• Gradual change over time due to natural selection

What does 'fitness' refer to in the context of natural selection?

• The size of an organism

• The speed of an organism

• The ability to survive and reproduce

• Physical strength and endurance

What is an example of directional selection?

• Trees growing taller in a dense forest

• Peppered moths during the Industrial Revolution

• The sun rising in the east

• All rabbits turning white

How does sexual selection differ from natural selection?

• It does not affect evolution

• It involves choosing mates based on traits

• It is based on survival rather than reproduction

• It only occurs in plants

What is artificial selection?

• A theory proposed by Aristotle

• A natural process that selects the strongest individuals

• The process by which humans breed specific traits in organisms

• Selection that occurs without human intervention