Exploring Mitosis Through Onion Cell Observation

What is the purpose of mitosis in multicellular organisms?

• To repair damaged tissues

• To reproduce sexually

• To increase genetic diversity

• To facilitate growth and replace cells

Which part of the onion is primarily involved in cell division?

• The roots

• The apical meristem

• The bulb

• The shoots

What is the role of hydrochloric acid in preparing onion root tips for microscopic examination?

• To color the cells for better visibility

• To enhance the growth of new cells

• To soften the cell walls

• To preserve the sample

What is the function of Carnoy's solution in the preparation of the onion root tip?

• To stain the chromosomes

• To stop biological reactions

• To dissolve the nuclear membrane

• To initiate cell division

Why is toluidine blue used in preparing the onion root tip slide?

• To stain the DNA

• To fix the cells in place

• To prevent air bubbles

• To clear the view under the microscope

How is the microscope slide prepared to avoid trapping air bubbles?

• By adding two drops of water

• By pressing firmly on the coverslip

• By gently lowering the coverslip

• By using a paper towel

During which phase of mitosis are the chromosomes visible as distinct X-shaped structures?

• Anaphase

• Metaphase

• Prophase

• Interphase

What occurs during anaphase in mitosis?

• Chromosomes line up at the cell's equator

• Nuclear membrane dissolves

• Chromosomes replicate

• Chromosomes move toward the poles

What is the significance of the spindle during metaphase?

• It prevents chromosome tangling

• It helps in DNA replication

• It assists in chromosome alignment

• It dissolves the nuclear membrane

What marks the end of telophase in mitosis?

• Beginning of DNA replication

• Complete dissolution of the nuclear membrane

• Alignment of chromosomes at the equator

• Formation of new nuclear membranes