Nucleotide Structure and Function

The video explains nucleotides, comparing them to beads that form DNA and RNA. It details their components: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nucleobase. Nucleobases pair to form DNA and RNA, with specific pairings for each. Nucleotides are categorized into purines and pyrimidines based on their structure. Beyond forming nucleic acids, nucleotides carry energy as ATP, aid in cellular signaling, and regulate metabolism. The video concludes with a prompt to explore more about DNA.

What is the primary analogy used to describe a nucleotide in the video?

• A metal chain

• A plastic bead

• A glass marble

• A wooden block

Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?

• 5-carbon sugar molecule

• Phosphate group

• Nitrogenous base

• Amino acid

What type of bond links nucleotide chains in nucleic acids?

• Covalent bond

• Ionic bond

• Hydrogen bond

• Phosphodiester linkage

Which nucleobase is found in RNA but not in DNA?

• Cytosine

• Adenine

• Uracil

• Thymine

In DNA, which nucleobase pairs with adenine?

• Cytosine

• Guanine

• Uracil

• Thymine

Which of the following is a purine base?

• Uracil

• Thymine

• Guanine

• Cytosine

How many carbon rings do purine bases have?

• Two

• One

• Three

• Four

What is the primary function of nucleotides in cells?

• Building blocks for nucleic acids

• Building blocks for proteins

• Cell signaling

• Energy storage

Which molecule carries energy in the form of nucleotides?

• RNA

• ATP

• GTP

• DNA

Nucleotides act as cofactors in which cellular process?

• Fermentation

• Photosynthesis

• Respiration

• Cellular signaling