Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis

This video tutorial provides an updated explanation of the processes of mitosis and meiosis, highlighting the differences and similarities between them. It covers the stages of cell division, including interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, and explains key concepts such as DNA duplication, synapsis, and crossing over. The tutorial emphasizes the genetic uniqueness resulting from meiosis and concludes with a comparison of the outcomes of mitosis and meiosis.

How many chromosomes does a human cell start with before mitosis?

• 12 chromosomes

• 23 chromosomes

• 92 chromosomes

• 46 chromosomes

What is the term used to describe cells with half the total number of chromosomes?

• Chromatid

• Diploid

• Tetrad

• Haploid

During which phase does DNA replication occur?

• Interphase

• Prophase

• Telophase

• Metaphase

What unique event occurs during prophase I of meiosis?

• Cytokinesis

• Spindle formation

• Synapsis

• Chromatin duplication

What is crossing over and during which phase does it occur?

• Exchange of DNA between sister chromatids during metaphase

• Duplication of DNA during interphase

• Separation of homologous chromosomes during anaphase

• Exchange of DNA between homologous chromosomes during prophase I

How are the chromosomes aligned during metaphase of mitosis?

• Randomly at the cell equator

• Along the nuclear membrane

• In a single file line

• In homologous pairs

What is the outcome of mitosis in terms of chromosome number in each new cell?

• 92 chromosomes

• 46 chromosomes

• 23 chromosomes

• 12 chromosomes

What distinguishes anaphase of mitosis from anaphase I of meiosis?

• Chromatids are separated in mitosis, while homologous chromosomes are separated in meiosis I

• Chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate in mitosis only

• DNA replicates in mitosis but not in meiosis I

• Cytokinesis occurs in mitosis but not in meiosis I

What is the final result of meiosis?

• Two diploid cells

• Four haploid cells

• Two haploid cells

• Four diploid cells

How does genetic diversity arise from meiosis?

• Through DNA replication errors

• By the separation of sister chromatids

• By the random alignment of chromosomes during metaphase

• Through crossing over during prophase I