Ionization and Sodium Chloride

The video tutorial explains ionization, a process where molecules split into positive and negative ions when dissolved in water. It uses sodium chloride as an example, detailing the atomic structure of sodium and chlorine, and how they form a bond through electron exchange. The tutorial discusses electrostatic force, relative permitivity, and how these concepts explain the ionization of sodium chloride in water, where the electrostatic force is significantly reduced, causing the molecules to split into ions.

What is the process called when molecules split into ions in water?

• Ionization

• Dissolution

• Condensation

• Evaporation

How many electrons does a sodium atom have in its outermost orbit?

• Eight

• Two

• One

• Seven

What is the atomic number of chlorine?

• 11

• 17

• 18

• 20

What happens to a sodium atom when it loses its outermost electron?

• It becomes a neutron

• It remains neutral

• It becomes negatively charged

• It becomes positively charged

What is the common name for sodium chloride?

• Vinegar

• Table salt

• Baking soda

• Sugar

What charge does a chlorine atom acquire when it gains an electron?

• No charge

• Neutral

• Negative

• Positive

Why do sodium and chlorine atoms form a stable compound?

• They achieve a full outer electron shell

• They both gain electrons

• They share electrons equally

• They lose all their electrons

According to Coulomb's law, what is the electrostatic force between two charges inversely proportional to?

• The sum of the charges

• The distance between the charges

• The product of the charges

• The relative permittivity of the medium

What is the relative permittivity of water at 20°C?

• 80

• 10

• 1

• 18

What is the effect of water's relative permittivity on the electrostatic force between sodium and chlorine?

• It has no effect

• It decreases the force

• It increases the force

• It doubles the force