Natural Selection and Antibiotic Resistance

The video explains natural selection using frogs as an example, highlighting how traits like color affect survival and reproduction. It discusses evolution as a result of natural selection and the role of random mutations. The video also covers antibiotic resistance in bacteria, emphasizing the importance of responsible antibiotic use and hygiene practices to prevent the spread of resistant strains. It concludes with the need for new antibiotics and vaccines to combat resistant bacteria.

What is the primary factor that determines the fitness of an organism in a biological sense?

• The length of its life

• Its ability to find food

• Its size and strength

• The number of offspring it produces

How does natural selection affect the frequency of certain traits in a population over time?

• It randomly changes trait frequencies

• It eliminates all variations

• It decreases the frequency of all traits

• It increases the frequency of advantageous traits

What role do mutations play in the process of evolution?

• They are controlled by the organism

• They are always beneficial

• They only occur in response to environmental changes

• They are random and can be beneficial, neutral, or harmful

Why can't organisms will themselves to develop beneficial traits?

• Because traits are determined by random genetic variations

• Because they lack the intelligence to do so

• Because environmental factors prevent it

• Because they are already perfectly adapted

How do bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics?

• By choosing to become resistant

• Through random genetic variations that provide resistance

• By avoiding antibiotics

• By becoming stronger over time

What happens to bacteria that do not have traits to survive antibiotics?

• They develop new traits

• They die and cannot reproduce

• They become stronger

• They remain unaffected

Why is it important for healthcare workers to practice good hygiene?

• To avoid getting sick themselves

• To keep the hospital clean

• To prevent the spread of resistant bacterial infections

• To reduce the need for antibiotics

What is one of the challenges hospitals face with antibiotic resistance?

• Lack of antibiotics

• Treating multiple patients with resistant infections

• Overuse of vaccines

• Shortage of healthcare workers

What is a key strategy in combating antibiotic resistance?

• Developing new antibiotics

• Avoiding all medications

• Using antibiotics for all infections

• Relying solely on vaccines

Why should antibiotics only be used for bacterial infections?

• Because they are ineffective against viruses

• Because they are difficult to obtain

• Because they are expensive

• Because they can cause allergies