Genetic Diversity and Its Importance

The video discusses genetic variation among organisms, highlighting how genes lead to different phenotypes. It explains genetic diversity within species, using examples like dog breeds and rose varieties. The importance of a large gene pool for survival and adaptation is emphasized, along with the consequences of a reduced gene pool, such as inbreeding and extinction. The impact of human activities on genetic diversity, particularly in agriculture, is also explored, stressing the need to preserve genetic diversity for ecosystem services and food security.

What is an example of genetic diversity within a single species?

• Different species of trees

• Varieties of roses

• Species of beetles

• Types of sand dollars

How does a larger gene pool benefit a population?

• It reduces the number of species

• It increases the chances of survival during environmental changes

• It makes the population more uniform

• It decreases genetic diversity

What is a potential consequence of inbreeding in a small population?

• Increased genetic diversity

• Higher population growth

• More uniform genetic makeup

• Greater resistance to diseases

What is a genetic bottleneck?

• A type of genetic mutation

• An increase in genetic diversity

• An increase in the number of species

• A reduction in population size leading to decreased genetic diversity

Why is it difficult to recover lost genetic diversity?

• Because it is not important for survival

• Because it is often lost permanently when a species goes extinct

• Because it can be artificially created

• Because it can be easily replaced

How does human encroachment affect genetic diversity?

• It promotes genetic diversity

• It reduces population sizes and genetic diversity

• It has no effect on genetic diversity

• It increases the gene pool

Why is conserving genetic diversity important for agriculture?

• It reduces the need for pesticides

• It ensures a variety of food sources

• It increases the number of plant species

• It decreases the risk of disease affecting crops

What percentage of our food crops come from about 100 species of plants?

• 90%

• 70%

• 50%

• 30%

Which three species account for a significant portion of human calorie intake?

• Soybeans, millet, and rye

• Bananas, apples, and oranges

• Corn, rice, and wheat

• Potatoes, barley, and oats

What is a risk of relying on a limited number of species for food?

• Increased genetic diversity

• Higher crop yields

• Lack of genetic resistance to diseases

• More food variety