Ions and Atomic Structure Concepts

This video tutorial explains atomic symbols, focusing on mass number, atomic number, and the calculation of protons, neutrons, and electrons. It provides examples using sodium and calcium atoms. The tutorial also covers ions, detailing how to calculate the number of electrons in positive and negative ions, with examples including sodium, calcium, and oxygen ions. The video concludes with a summary of ion behavior, emphasizing the changes in electron count for positive and negative ions.

What does the symbol 'A' represent in atomic notation?

• Number of electrons

• Number of protons

• Atomic number

• Mass number

How is the number of protons in an atom determined?

• By adding the number of neutrons and electrons

• By subtracting the atomic number from the mass number

• By looking at the atomic number

• By dividing the mass number by two

In a sodium atom with a mass number of 23 and an atomic number of 11, how many neutrons are present?

• 12

• 34

• 11

• 23

What is the charge of an ion that has more electrons than protons?

• Neutral

• Positive

• Double positive

• Negative

How do you calculate the number of electrons in a positively charged ion?

• Divide the number of protons by the charge

• Subtract the charge from the number of protons

• Add the charge to the number of protons

• Multiply the charge by the number of protons

For a calcium ion with a 2+ charge, how many electrons does it have if the atomic number is 20?

• 18

• 20

• 22

• 24

What happens to the number of electrons in a negative ion compared to its neutral atom?

• It remains the same

• It doubles

• It decreases

• It increases

If an oxygen ion has a 2- charge, how many electrons does it have if the atomic number is 8?

• 12

• 6

• 10

• 8

What is the general rule for electron change in a positive ion?

• Neutrons are removed

• Protons are added

• Electrons are added

• Electrons are removed

Why do negative ions have more electrons than their neutral atoms?

• They gain electrons

• They lose neutrons

• They gain protons

• They lose protons