Types of Rocks and Their Formation

The video tutorial explains the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from solidified molten material, with extrusive types cooling quickly on the surface and intrusive types forming beneath the surface. Sedimentary rocks originate from pre-existing rocks or organic material, characterized by layering, and include clastic, organic, and chemical types. Metamorphic rocks are transformed from other rock types through heat, pressure, or mineral-rich fluids, with examples like slate, quartzite, and marble.

What is the origin of the term 'igneous'?

• It comes from the Greek word for water.

• It is based on the German word for air.

• It originates from the French word for earth.

• It is derived from the Latin word for fire.

How do extrusive igneous rocks form?

• They form from the accumulation of sediments.

• They form from the slow cooling of magma underground.

• They form from lava cooling quickly on the surface.

• They form deep within the Earth's crust.

What is a characteristic feature of sedimentary rocks?

• They often show layering or bedding.

• They have large crystals.

• They are formed from molten material.

• They are always amorphous.

Which rock type is formed from pre-existing rocks or organic material?

• Igneous rocks

• Sedimentary rocks

• Metamorphic rocks

• Volcanic rocks

Which of the following is a type of clastic sedimentary rock?

• Limestone

• Sandstone

• Quartzite

• Marble

Which of the following is an example of an organic sedimentary rock?

• Granite

• Basalt

• Rock salt

• Limestone

What process leads to the formation of metamorphic rocks?

• Cooling of lava on the Earth's surface

• Accumulation of sediments

• Exposure to high heat and pressure

• Solidification of molten rock

Which of the following is a metamorphic rock?

• Quartzite

• Basalt

• Granite

• Sandstone

What is a common factor in the formation of metamorphic rocks?

• Rapid cooling

• High mineral content

• High heat and pressure

• Layering or bedding