Crash Course Philosophy: Philosophy of Religion

The video explores the philosophy of religion, distinguishing it from theology by emphasizing that philosophers require arguments for religious beliefs. It introduces Anselm's ontological argument for God's existence, which defines God as the greatest conceivable being. The video also presents critiques of Anselm's argument by Gaunilo and Kant, highlighting logical fallacies and the concept of existence as a predicate. The Parable of The Invisible Gardener is used to illustrate ongoing debates about God's existence. The episode concludes by mentioning Thomas Aquinas as a future topic.

What distinguishes the philosophy of religion from theology?

• Theology is based on scientific methods.

• Philosophy of religion questions all beliefs.

• Theology requires evidence for beliefs.

• Philosophy of religion assumes God exists.

Why can't upbringing prove the truth of religious beliefs?

• Because it is based on personal experience.

• Because it would make all religions true.

• Because upbringing is subjective.

• Because it relies on scientific evidence.

What is the main focus of the philosophy of religion?

• Studying religious texts.

• Understanding cultural beliefs.

• Analyzing religious rituals.

• Providing arguments for God's existence.

According to Anselm, what defines God?

• The most powerful being.

• The most knowledgeable being.

• The most benevolent being.

• The greatest conceivable being.

What is the key idea in Anselm's ontological argument?

• God is an imaginary being.

• God is a fictional being.

• God is a contingent being.

• God is a necessary being.

What was Gaunilo's main criticism of Anselm's argument?

• It only applies to God.

• It can prove anything imaginary exists.

• It is based on scientific evidence.

• It is too complex to understand.

What did Kant argue about existence in relation to Anselm's argument?

• Existence is a predicate.

• Existence is not a predicate.

• Existence is a necessary condition.

• Existence is a sufficient condition.

What does the Parable of The Invisible Gardener illustrate?

• The difficulty in proving God's existence.

• The role of science in understanding religion.

• The complexity of religious rituals.

• The importance of faith in religion.

What is the main point of John Wisdom's parable?

• To show that God is invisible.

• To illustrate the futility of religious debates.

• To question the difference between an undetectable being and no being.

• To prove the existence of God.

What should you do if you find an argument unconvincing but agree with its conclusion?

• Ignore the argument.

• Accept the argument as it is.

• Look for a better argument.

• Reject the conclusion.