Peloponnesian War: Key Events and Figures

The video explores the Peloponnesian War, a significant conflict between Athens and Sparta from 431 BC to 404 BC. It highlights the war's phases, starting with rising tensions due to alliances and culminating in a prolonged conflict. The first phase saw Athens using its naval strength, but a plague weakened them. A temporary peace was reached but soon broken as Athens launched a disastrous Sicilian expedition. The war ended with Athens' defeat, setting the stage for Macedonian conquest. The video emphasizes the war's impact on Greek city-states and its historical documentation.

What was the primary naval power during the Peloponnesian War?

• Sparta

• Thebes

• Corinth

• Athens

Which city-state was an ally of Sparta and attacked Plataea, an ally of Athens?

• Corsaira

• Corinth

• Syracuse

• Thebes

Who was the Athenian leader during the early phase of the Peloponnesian War?

• Pericles

• Alexander the Great

• Nikius

• Philip II

What was the outcome of the Peace of Nikius?

• It ended the war permanently.

• It led to the defeat of Sparta.

• It resulted in the collapse of Athenian democracy.

• It was a temporary peace with unfulfilled terms.

What was the main reason Athens launched an attack on Sicily?

• To form an alliance with Syracuse

• To prevent resources from reaching Sparta

• To establish a new naval base

• To expand their territory

What was a significant consequence of the Sicilian Expedition for Athens?

• Capture of Syracuse

• Victory over Sparta

• Loss of nearly their entire navy

• Formation of a new alliance

What internal issue did Athens face during the later years of the war?

• Formation of new alliances

• Economic prosperity

• Collapse of democracy

• Military expansion

Which battle marked the complete defeat of the Athenian navy?

• Battle of Aegospotami

• Battle of Salamis

• Battle of Thermopylae

• Battle of Marathon

What happened to Athens after the Peloponnesian War ended?

• It surrendered to Sparta.

• It formed a new empire.

• It became a dominant power.

• It allied with Persia.

Who was set to conquer the region after the Peloponnesian War?

• Pericles

• Nikius

• Alexander the Great

• Philip II of Macedonia