Understanding Spirometry and Pulmonary Function Tests

This video is the second in a series on pulmonary function tests, focusing on spirometry. It covers the objectives of understanding key spirometry measurements like FEV1, FVC, and the flow volume loop, and how these are used in diagnostic evaluations. The video explains the procedure of spirometry, how to interpret results, and the significance of different flow volume loop patterns. It also discusses the use of spirometry in diagnosing and staging COPD, including the response to bronchodilators.

What is the primary purpose of spirometry?

• To evaluate heart rate

• To assess lung airflow and volume

• To determine body temperature

• To measure blood pressure

Which of the following is NOT a key measurement in spirometry?

• Blood glucose level

• FVC

• FEV1

• FEV1/FVC ratio

What does the FEF 25-75% measure in spirometry?

• The residual volume

• The total lung capacity

• The peak expiratory flow rate

• The average flow during the middle half of the FVC

In spirometry, what does a decreased FEV1/FVC ratio typically indicate?

• Restrictive lung disease

• Normal lung function

• Increased lung capacity

• Obstructive lung disease

Which condition is characterized by a normal FEV1/FVC ratio but decreased FVC?

• Pulmonary vascular disease

• Normal lung function

• Restrictive lung disease

• Obstructive lung disease

What is the significance of the shape of the flow volume loop in spirometry?

• It determines the patient's weight

• It indicates the patient's heart rate

• It provides insight into airway obstructions

• It measures blood oxygen levels

What pattern in the flow volume loop is associated with variable extrathoracic airway obstruction?

• Blunted inspiratory limb and normal expiratory limb

• Both limbs are blunted

• Normal flow volume loop

• Normal inspiratory limb and blunted expiratory limb

Which of the following is NOT a typical pattern of upper airway obstruction?

• Variable intrathoracic obstruction

• Normal lung function

• Variable extrathoracic obstruction

• Fixed obstruction

How is COPD severity staged using spirometry?

• By determining body temperature

• By evaluating heart rate

• By assessing FEV1 levels

• By measuring blood pressure

What is considered a significant response to bronchodilators in spirometry?

• A decrease in FVC by 5%

• No change in FEV1

• An increase in FEV1 by 12-15%

• A decrease in FEV1 by 10%