Smallpox Vaccine and Eradication

The video explores the history of smallpox, a deadly virus that originated in northeastern Africa and spread globally, causing millions of deaths. Early control methods like variolation were developed, but it was Edward Jenner's discovery of vaccination using cowpox that led to the eventual eradication of smallpox. The World Health Organization certified its eradication in 1979, marking a significant achievement in medical history.

Where did the smallpox virus first emerge?

• Southeast Asia

• South America

• Western Europe

• Northeastern Africa

What was the estimated death toll of smallpox in the 20th century?

• 100 to 200 million

• 300 to 500 million

• 600 to 800 million

• 900 million to 1 billion

What was the method called that involved using smallpox scabs to prevent the disease?

• Immunization

• Variolation

• Inoculation

• Vaccination

Who is credited with the discovery of the smallpox vaccine?

• Louis Pasteur

• Robert Koch

• Edward Jenner

• Alexander Fleming

What disease did Edward Jenner use to create the smallpox vaccine?

• Rubella

• Measles

• Cowpox

• Chickenpox

What was the name of the dairy maid who had cowpox lesions used by Jenner?

• Mary Mallon

• Florence Nightingale

• Sarah Nelmes

• Clara Barton

What year did the World Health Organization certify the eradication of smallpox?

• 1979

• 1999

• 1969

• 1989

What was the main difference between variolation and vaccination?

• Vaccination was less effective

• Variolation used cowpox virus

• Vaccination used smallpox virus

• Variolation used smallpox virus

In what year did England prohibit variolation?

• 1820

• 1800

• 1860

• 1840

Who were the unsung heroes mentioned in the eradication of smallpox?

• Alexander Fleming and Mary Mallon

• Florence Nightingale and Clara Barton

• Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch

• The Buddhist nun, Sarah Nelmes, and James Phipps