Cell Division and Genetic Processes

The video tutorial explains the vocabulary surrounding DNA, focusing on replication, transcription, and translation processes. It also clarifies the terms chromosome, chromatin, and chromatid, providing a foundational understanding for further study of mitosis and meiosis.

What is the process called when DNA makes a copy of itself?

• Translation

• Transcription

• Replication

• Mutation

During transcription, DNA is converted into which molecule?

• tRNA

• mRNA

• rRNA

• Protein

What is the role of tRNA during translation?

• It replicates DNA

• It transcribes DNA into mRNA

• It carries amino acids to the ribosome

• It forms the ribosome structure

Which process involves the conversion of mRNA into proteins?

• Transcription

• Mutation

• Replication

• Translation

What is the main function of ribosomes in the cell?

• To transport molecules

• To synthesize proteins

• To transcribe RNA

• To replicate DNA

Which term describes the combination of DNA and proteins that give DNA its structure?

• Centromere

• Chromatid

• Chromatin

• Chromosome

What is the difference between chromatin and chromosomes?

• Chromatin is RNA, chromosomes are DNA

• Chromatin is DNA with proteins, chromosomes are condensed chromatin

• Chromatin is a single DNA strand, chromosomes are replicated DNA

• Chromatin is DNA without proteins, chromosomes are DNA with proteins

What is a chromatid?

• A type of RNA

• A single strand of DNA

• A replicated chromosome

• A protein that binds DNA

What happens to chromatids during cell division?

• They become chromosomes

• They transcribe mRNA

• They replicate DNA

• They form ribosomes

What is the significance of the centromere in chromosomes?

• It is where transcription occurs

• It is the site of protein synthesis

• It is the point where chromatids are attached

• It is where DNA replication starts