Understanding Islamic Theology: Aliran-Aliran Ilmu Kalam

The video tutorial introduces the concepts of various Islamic theological schools: Jabariyah, Qodariyah, and Mu'tazilah. It outlines their historical contexts, key figures, and core doctrines. Jabariyah emphasizes predestination, Qodariyah advocates for free will, and Mu'tazilah is known for its rationalist approach. The lesson aims to describe the emergence of these schools, identify their main figures, and understand their fundamental teachings.

What are the three streams of Islamic theology discussed in this lesson?

• Jabariyah, Qodariyah, Mu'tazilah

• Khawarij, Syi'ah, Murji'ah

• Sunni, Shia, Sufi

• Ahmadiyya, Baha'i, Druze

Which historical figure is associated with the development of the Jabariyah stream?

• Ali bin Abi Talib

• Jahm bin Safwan

• Wasil bin Atha

• Hasan al-Bashri

What is the core belief of the Jabariyah stream?

• Predestination by Allah

• Human free will

• Rationalism

• Mysticism

What distinguishes the Qodariyah stream from the Jabariyah stream?

• Focus on mysticism

• Rejection of all religious texts

• Belief in predestination

• Emphasis on human free will

Who were the main proponents of the Qodariyah stream?

• Sa'ad bin Dirham and Jahm bin Safwan

• Makbad al-Juhani and Ghailan ad-Dimashqi

• Hasan al-Bashri and Wasil bin Atha

• Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan and Ali bin Abi Talib

What is the main philosophical approach of the Mu'tazilah stream?

• Strict adherence to rituals

• Literal interpretation of texts

• Rationalism and philosophical reasoning

• Mystical experiences

Which principle is NOT part of the Mu'tazilah's five basic doctrines?

• Commanding good and forbidding evil

• Divine unity

• Predestination

• Divine justice

What was the Mu'tazilah's stance on the Quran?

• It is eternal and uncreated

• It is not a divine text

• It is a created entity

• It is only symbolic

What was the Mu'tazilah's view on human actions?

• Humans have free will and are responsible for their actions

• Actions are irrelevant to faith

• They are predetermined by Allah

• Only religious leaders can determine actions

What was the consequence for those who disagreed with the Mu'tazilah's theological views during the Abbasid Caliphate?

• They were exiled

• They were imprisoned and sometimes tortured

• They were ignored

• They were promoted to higher positions