Afghanistan: A Historical Overview

Afghanistan, a landlocked country in Asia, has a rich history as a crossroads of empires, leading to its ethnic diversity. Modern boundaries were set in the 1890s. The 20th century saw modernization attempts, Soviet invasion, and the rise of the Mujahideen. Post-Soviet withdrawal, civil war ensued, leading to the Taliban's rise. After 9/11, the U.S. intervened, toppling the Taliban. Despite efforts for peace, the Taliban resurged. In 2021, the U.S. withdrew, and the Taliban regained control.

What geographical feature is Afghanistan known for?

• Deserts

• Plains

• Mountains

• Lakes

Which two empires established the modern boundaries of Afghanistan?

• Russian and British

• Mongol and British

• Russian and Ottoman

• Ottoman and British

What was the main reason for the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan in 1979?

• To expand Soviet territory

• To support the communist Afghan government

• To establish a new trade route

• To access natural resources

Who were the Mujahideen?

• A group of Afghan communists

• A resistance group against Soviet forces

• A neighboring country's military

• A political party in Afghanistan

What significant event occurred in Afghanistan in 1994?

• The U.S. invaded

• The Soviet Union withdrew

• A new constitution was adopted

• The Taliban emerged

What was the global reaction to the 9/11 attacks?

• Sanctions on Afghanistan

• Diplomatic talks with the Taliban

• Increased trade with Afghanistan

• Military intervention led by the U.S.

Who was elected as the interim head of state in Afghanistan after the fall of the Taliban?

• Hamid Karzai

• Ashraf Ghani

• Mohammad Daoud

• Barack Obama

What was the purpose of the U.S. military 'Surge' announced by President Obama?

• To establish a new Afghan government

• To strengthen military efforts against the Taliban

• To increase trade with Afghanistan

• To withdraw all U.S. troops

What was a major consequence of the Doha agreement in 2020?

• Increased U.S. military presence

• Establishment of a new Afghan constitution

• Withdrawal of international forces

• Economic sanctions on Afghanistan

What event marked the collapse of the Afghan government in 2021?

• The election of a new president

• The Taliban taking control of the capital

• The U.S. military withdrawal

• The signing of the Doha agreement