Bacterial Resistance and Mutations

The video describes an experiment using a large Petri dish with varying antibiotic concentrations. Bacteria spread in areas without antibiotics until they encounter resistance. Mutants develop, allowing them to survive higher antibiotic levels. Over 11 days, bacteria evolve to withstand 1,000 times the initial antibiotic concentration, demonstrating rapid resistance development through successive mutations.

What is the size of the Petri dish used in the experiment?

• Four feet by eight feet

• Three feet by six feet

• Two feet by four feet

• One foot by two feet

How many bands are there in the experimental setup?

• Five

• Seven

• Eleven

• Nine

What happens when a mutant appears in the experiment?

• It spreads and competes with other mutants

• It dies immediately

• It remains stationary

• It disappears

What must mutants do to survive higher antibiotic concentrations?

• Develop new mutations

• Move to a different band

• Decrease in size

• Stop growing

At what concentration do mutants repeat the mutation process?

• Ten times

• Twenty times

• Fifty times

• One hundred times

How long does it take for bacteria to evolve resistance to a thousand times the antibiotic concentration?

• 15 days

• 11 days

• 8 days

• 5 days

What does the experiment demonstrate about bacterial resistance?

• Bacteria cannot evolve resistance

• Bacteria can rapidly evolve resistance through mutations

• Resistance evolves slowly over decades

• Mutations do not affect resistance