Carbohydrates and Their Structures

The video introduces carbohydrates, highlighting their monomers, monosaccharides like glucose, fructose, and galactose. It explains how monosaccharides combine to form disaccharides such as maltose, sucrose, and lactose through dehydration reactions. The video also covers polysaccharides, which are large carbohydrates that store energy in forms like starch in plants and glycogen in animals. Additionally, carbohydrates serve structural roles, forming cellulose in plant cell walls and chitin in insect exoskeletons.

What is the basic building block of carbohydrates?

• Monosaccharides

• Nucleotides

• Amino acids

• Fatty acids

Which reaction results in the formation of a disaccharide?

• Hydrolysis

• Dehydration

• Oxidation

• Reduction

What disaccharide is formed by combining glucose and fructose?

• Cellulose

• Sucrose

• Maltose

• Lactose

Which polysaccharide is used for energy storage in plants?

• Glycogen

• Chitin

• Starch

• Cellulose

What structural role does cellulose play in plants?

• DNA replication

• Cell wall formation

• Energy storage

• Protein synthesis