Understanding Evolution and Natural Selection

Mr. Andersen reviews key concepts of evolution and natural selection, explaining how changes in allele frequency within a population lead to evolution. He discusses the population genetics lab, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and examples of natural selection, such as flowering time and sickle cell gene. The video also covers genetic drift, evidence for evolution, and the concept of common ancestry, using examples like antibiotic resistance and homologous structures.

What is the smallest unit in biology that can evolve?

• An individual

• A gene

• A population

• A species

What is the primary mechanism by which evolution leads to better adaptation to the environment?

• Genetic drift

• Gene flow

• Natural selection

• Mutation

In the population genetics lab, which condition is NOT a requirement for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

• Large population size

• No mutations

• No natural selection

• Non-random mating

What is an example of heterozygote advantage discussed in the video?

• Peppered moth coloration

• Sickle cell trait

• Antibiotic resistance

• Flowering time in plants

What type of selection is demonstrated by plants flowering earlier due to global warming?

• Stabilizing selection

• Disruptive selection

• Balancing selection

• Directional selection

What is genetic drift primarily associated with?

• Natural selection

• Chance events

• Mutations

• Gene flow

Which of the following is NOT evidence for evolution?

• Antibiotic resistance

• Random mating

• Homologous structures

• Biogeography

What is the significance of homologous structures in different species?

• They indicate a common ancestor

• They are evidence of genetic drift

• They show adaptation to similar environments

• They result from convergent evolution

In the camouflage lab, what happened to the allele frequencies of those that blended in?

• They decreased

• They fluctuated randomly

• They remained the same

• They increased

What is a conserved process that suggests all life shares a common ancestry?

• Photosynthesis

• DNA replication

• Cell division

• Protein synthesis