The video explores the nature and growth of supermassive black holes, explaining how they consume matter and the limits to their growth. It introduces the concept of the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) and discusses the theoretical maximum mass a black hole can achieve. The video also covers how black holes can grow through mergers. Finally, it promotes Brilliant's courses on scientific thinking.

What is the mass of the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way?

• Four thousand times the mass of the Sun

• Four million times the mass of the Sun

• Four billion times the mass of the Sun

• Four hundred times the mass of the Sun

How do black holes primarily grow?

• By merging with other black holes

• By sucking in matter like a vacuum

• By matter falling into them

• By expanding their event horizon

What is the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO)?

• The inner edge of the accretion disk around a black hole

• The point where matter is ejected from a black hole

• The point where light can escape a black hole

• The outer edge of a black hole's event horizon

What happens to matter at the ISCO if it remains uninterrupted?

• It forms a new star

• It escapes the black hole

• It spirals outward

• It eventually falls into the black hole

What determines the maximum size a black hole can reach?

• The distance of the ISCO from the event horizon

• The amount of matter in the galaxy

• The speed of light

• The temperature of the accretion disk

What is the theoretical maximum mass range for black holes?

• Between 500 and 2700 billion solar masses

• Between 5 and 27 billion solar masses

• Between 50 and 270 billion solar masses

• Between 50 and 270 million solar masses

How can black holes continue to grow after reaching their maximum size?

• By merging with other black holes

• By consuming more stars

• By expanding their ISCO

• By increasing their spin

What happens to matter around a black hole after it reaches its maximum size?

• It continues to fall into the black hole

• It is ejected into space

• It forms a new accretion disk

• It clumps into stars

What is the primary way black holes can grow after reaching their maximum size?

• By consuming nearby stars

• By increasing their gravitational pull

• By merging with other black holes

• By expanding their event horizon

What is the role of ISCO in black hole growth?

• It defines the inner edge of the accretion disk

• It sets the limit for the black hole's event horizon

• It controls the gravitational pull of the black hole

• It determines the speed of light around the black hole