Bone Regeneration and Tissue Engineering

The video explores the evolution of biomaterials, from historical uses like the Mayan nacre shell to modern innovations in regenerative medicine. It highlights Sir Harold Ridley's discovery of PMMA for intraocular lenses and the shift from bioinert to bioactive materials. The speaker discusses advanced techniques in bone regeneration using in vivo bioreactors and the development of cartilage and scaffold materials. The video concludes with applications in cardiovascular disease, emphasizing the need for conductive materials to aid heart tissue regeneration.

What material did the Mayans use for tooth replacement?

• Ivory

• Blue nacre shell

• Gold

• Wood

What was Sir Harold Ridley's contribution to ophthalmology?

• Designing bifocal glasses

• Developing PMMA for intraocular lenses

• Inventing contact lenses

• Creating laser eye surgery

What is the main goal of regenerative medicine today?

• To eliminate the need for surgery

• To use bioinert materials

• To find bioactive materials that interact with the body

• To replace all body parts with mechanical ones

Why is the environment important for stem cells in tissue engineering?

• It prevents the cells from dying

• It provides information for cells to become specialized tissue

• It makes the cells grow faster

• It determines the color of the tissue

What is a limitation of the iliac crest harvest for bone repair?

• It is not effective in children

• It requires a long recovery time

• It causes significant pain at the defect site

• It is too expensive

What is the in vivo bioreactor approach used for?

• Creating artificial organs

• Repairing damaged nerves

• Generating new bone within the body

• Developing new types of blood cells

How does the in vivo bioreactor create new bone?

• By injecting a liquid that forms a gel under the periosteum

• By using electrical stimulation

• By transplanting bone from another person

• By using a 3D printer

What is a key feature of the materials used in the in vivo bioreactor?

• They are biodegradable

• They are made of metal

• They are transparent

• They are magnetic

Why is an interdisciplinary team important in scaffold design?

• To ensure a variety of perspectives and expertise

• To speed up the production process

• To comply with regulations

• To reduce costs

What additional property might be beneficial for materials used in cardiovascular applications?

• Being transparent

• Being fluorescent

• Being conductive

• Being magnetic